DEADMAN ANCHORAGES IN VARIOUS SOIL MEDIUMS
Abstract
A test program was conducted to investigate deadman anchorage holding capacities under applied horizontal loads. Deadmen fabricated of concrete and ranging in face area from 5 to 72 square feet were tested in depths of embedment from ground level to 7 feet. The deadmen were pulled both singly and in groups of three, in sand and in two soils with cohesive characteristics. The test program also included tests on a model scale. The applied load versus horizontal displacement relationship exhibited a basic recognizable form for all conditions of tests. By graphic analysis, a series of reaction-pattern curves was developed relating deadman holding power in each cohesive soil to three factors: deadman face area, depth of embedment, and whether the deadmen were embedded singly or in a group. The investigation disclosed that multiple anchors develop a higher holding capacity per net area than a single deadman with the same total face area. The increase in holding capacity ranging from 5 to 20% depends upon such factors as depth of embedment, the type of soil, and the spacing between deadmen. Under most test conditions, up to 30% increase in holding capacities was attained in cohesive soils as compared to sand, but 2 to 3 times the horizontal displacement was required to achieve the maximum holding capacity.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Apr 01, 1966
- Accession Number
- AD0631848
Entities
People
- J. E. Smith
- J. V. Stalcup
Organizations
- Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center