BIOELECTRIC CONTROL OF PROSTHESES

Abstract

Externally powered prostheses have been studied for many years, to provide more effective rehabilitation of amputees. To take advantage of the benefits offered by external power in prostheses, however, the mode of control of the prosthesis by the amputee must be improved. Conventional control methods require a high degree of mental concentration by the amputee on his prosthesis, because of at least two important factors: (i) the mode of control of a prosthesis motion is different from control of the corresponding normal action; (ii) there is no feedback of sensation from the prosthesis to the patient except through the visual sense. The present system utilizes surface electromyographic (emg) signals from the biceps and triceps of an amputee's arm to provide graded control of an elbow prosthesis. Included as an intermediate step is the control of a simulated forearm in a digital computer, in real time. At present, the signal processing consists of full-wave rectification and lowpass filtering of the emg signals from biceps and triceps muscles; mechanical elbow prothesis can now be voluntarily controlled through the subject's emg signals. The performance of the system and indications for future work are outlined. Foremost is the need for feedback to the patient of position information from the prosthesis, outside of the visual sense. A possible method for accomplishing this in an inherently normal manner is suggested. The use of nerve signals as the control signal for a prosthesis offers potential advantages over the use of the emg signal; the practical problems in observing nerve signals, combined with lack of information on how to interpret them, makes this approach infeasible now.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Dec 01, 1966
Accession Number
AD0646218

Entities

People

  • Ralph Alter

Organizations

  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Amputees
  • Anesthesia
  • Control Systems
  • Health Services
  • Joints (Anatomy)
  • Medical Personnel
  • Muscle Fibers
  • Nerve Fibers
  • Peripheral Nervous System
  • Prostheses And Implants
  • Prosthetics
  • Recording Systems
  • Surgical Amputations
  • Upper Limb Prostheses

Fields of Study

  • Medicine

Readers

  • Exercise and Sports Science.
  • Rehabilitation and Prosthetic Care for Military Service Members and Veterans with Limb Loss or Disability.
  • Systems Analysis and Design