BEHAVIOR OF VLF RAY PATHS IN THE IONOSPHERE,
Abstract
Two dimensional VLF ray paths have been computed for a model ionosphere with a centered dipole magnetic field and a diffusive equilibrium distribution of electrons and H+, He+ and O+ ions. The behavior of these ray paths are illustrated for variations with wave frequency, initial latitude, initial wave normal angle, initial altitude and the particular model. The behavior of VLF ray paths are used to qualitatively explain non-ducted whistlers, MR whistlers, SP whistlers, ion cyclotron whistlers, hook whistlers and quasi-trapped whistler mode energy.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- May 01, 1967
- Accession Number
- AD0654409
Entities
People
- Stanley D. Shawhan
Organizations
- University of Iowa