FAR-FIELD INTENSITY DISTRIBUTION FROM A DIFFRACTING APERTURE IN A TURBULENT MEDIUM

Abstract

Given is an analysis of the effect of atmospheric turbulence in the Fraunhofer region on a near-horizontal beam of finite cross-section near the earth's surface. The far-field intensity distribution at optical frequencies of an initially plane wave from a finite, circular, source aperture is obtained as a function of range and angle for various values of the index structure constant. Describing the turbulence-induced index of refraction fluctuations by the Kolmogorov spectrum, it is found that the time average of the peak radiant intensity in the Fraunhofer region of a finite source aperture decreases with range at a much faster rate than the intensity calculated from absorption and scattering by molecules and particulate matter. Specifically, a beam from a 2- cm aperture at a wavelength of 0.6328 microns in moderate daytime turbulence will have an unscattered range of 5 km. For small values of the inner turbulence scale, the effects of turbulence are dominant over most of the ranges of interest.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Dec 01, 1968
Accession Number
AD0682209

Entities

People

  • H. T. Yura

Organizations

  • RAND Corporation

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • C4I
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Atmospheres
  • Detection
  • Diffraction
  • Doppler Effect
  • Electromagnetic Fields
  • Far Field
  • Frequency
  • Particulate Matter
  • Plane Waves
  • Radiant Intensity
  • Radiation
  • Refraction
  • Refractive Index
  • Scattering
  • Spectra
  • Wave Propagation
  • Waves

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Atmospheric Science / Meteorology, specifically Wind Wave Turbulence.
  • Electromagnetic Wave Scattering and Antenna Radiation Engineering
  • Spectroscopy.