HOW ASSOCIATIONS ARE MEMORIZED
Abstract
It is observed that performance in tasks involving recall or recognition of items seems to be explained best with concepts of storage and retrieval, rather than formation of associative connections. Evidence is presented that this is also true of paired-associate memorizing, and it is proposed that the stages of memorizing are storage and learning to retrieve. Statistical methods are presented for obtaining measurements of difficulty in each of two stages of learning, using a Markov model. In experiments with varying response difficulty and stimulus similarity, the difficulty of the first stage depended on both stimuli and responses, but the second stage depended only on the stimuli. This favors the storage-retrieval theory, over the hypothesis that the first stage is response learning and the second is hookup learning.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Dec 01, 1968
- Accession Number
- AD0690590
Entities
People
- James G. Greeno
Organizations
- University of Michigan