THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON SATELLITE ORBITS.

Abstract

The chief variations in upper-atmosphere density are described, and it is shown how each of them affects the orbits of close Earth satellites. The main features discussed are: (1) the irregular variations in density dependent on solar activity, which may cause great changes in a few days, as well as a 27-day recurrence tendency; (2) the day-to-night and semi-annual variations in density, which cause nearly-periodic changes in orbits: for the day-to-night variation the period is usually between 2 months and 2 years, while the semi-annual effect leads to maxima of density in April and October, and minima in January and July; and (3) the large changes in density during a sunspot cycle, which give rise to a 10- or 11-year recurrence tendency. The changes in orbital inclination caused by the rotation of the atmosphere are also described. (Author)

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 01, 1969
Accession Number
AD0692323

Entities

People

  • Desmond King-Hele

Organizations

  • Royal Aircraft Establishment

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Artificial Satellites
  • Atmospheres
  • Dynamics
  • Orbital Inclination
  • Orbits
  • Physics
  • Rotation
  • Satellite Orbits
  • Solar Activity
  • Spacecraft
  • Spacecraft Orbits

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Space Exploration and Orbital Mechanics.
  • Space/Atmospheric Physics.

Technology Areas

  • Space
  • Space - Orbital Debris