IONOSPHERIC PROBING WITH LONG WAVELENGTH RADIO WAVES,
Abstract
The paper deals with techniques of ionospheric probing using ground based facilities and frequencies in the region from about 10 Hz to 100 KHz and hence includes the ELF, VLF, and LF portions of the spectrum. Primary emphasis is placed on VLF and LF probing; however for some purposes the ELF portion of the spectrum has promise. Probing techniques at these frequencies involve measuring one or more parameters of a radio signal such as amplitude, phase, transmission time, and polarization as received at locations near (vertical or steep incidence sounding) or at distances of hundreds or thousands kilometers from (oblique sounding) a radiation source. The radiated signal can be provided either by conventional or special purpose pulsed or continuous wave sources or by radiation from lightning strokes. (Author)
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Sep 01, 1969
- Accession Number
- AD0693860
Entities
People
- C. M. Crain
Organizations
- RAND Corporation