FACTORS IN MEMBRANE DESIGN AND SELECTION AS A STEP TOWARD A WEARABLE ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY.
Abstract
The applicability of techniques of hyper and ultra filtration currently under study for reverse-osmosis desalination systems has been investigated for use in artificial kidneys. Recent studies by Henderson et al. have pioneered in the application of ultra filtration membranes to artificial kidney design. However, their studies demonstrated a marked reduction in flux per unit area when plasma was substituted for water. Hydrodynamic analysis involving consideration of polarization of the membranes by high molecular weight solutes was carried out and experimental studies were made of candidate membranes to determine their flow resistance and suitability for use as first stage filters in a two stage artificial kidney design. Hyperfilter characteristics for cellulose acetate membranes used in the second stage were determined for a range of curing conditions and their suitability for use was confirmed. Rejection coefficients for sodium chloride, urea, creatinine and uric acid were experimentally determined. Electrolyte rejection coefficients of 97% for curing temperatures of 85 deg. Centigrade were obtained with tubular membranes of quite acceptable flux rates of 0.0003 ml/sq cm min under a driving pressure of 600 psi. (Author)
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Nov 01, 1969
- Accession Number
- AD0697353
Entities
People
- C. E. Brown
- N. C. Kramer