FEASIBILITY STUDY OF THE LITHIUM/C(x)F PRIMARY CELL.
Abstract
A graphite-fluorine intercalation compound, C(x)F, has been proposed as a cathode material for an organic electrolyte primary cell to achieve, simultaneously, high energy density during operation and long shelf-life during storage in the activated state. This investigation was carried out to determine if the concept of a lithium/C(x)F-cell is feasible by studying the chemical and electrochemical reactions of C(x)F in various organic electrolyte solutions. C(x)F was synthesized by fluorination of graphite and the crude compound treated in several different ways to remove volatile or soluble impurities. Samples of C(x)F were brought into equilibrium with the electrolytes and the amounts of H(+), Fe(3+) and F(-) generated by non-electrochemical processes analytically determined. Porous C(x)F electrodes were prepared. The open circuit potentials, steady-state potentials, operating voltages, currents, and ampere-hours of C(x)F-cathodes and Li/C(x)F-cells were measured during discharge under galvanostatic and potentiostatic conditions. Reaction products were qualitatively determined in cathode mixes by X-ray diffraction analysis. The capacity, cell voltage, energy density, rate capability, shelf life and cost of Li/C(x)F-cells have been compared with those of other lithium systems in order to arrive at a meaningful conclusion about the feasibility of the Li/C(x)F-primary cell. A manufacturing process for C(x)F was outlined and the cost of this compound estimated. (Author)
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Aug 01, 1970
- Accession Number
- AD0711521
Entities
People
- Klaus Braeuer
Organizations
- United States Army Communications-Electronics Command