The Influence of Dissolved Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide on Fish Schooling Behavior.
Abstract
Both field and laboratory-experimental data are presented to support a hypothesis relating group metabolism of fish schools to changes in school behavior. Specifically, it is shown that large schools of Mugil cephalus cause dramatic decline in environmental oxygen levels. These changes if sufficiently large are postulated to modify school behavior. Experimental manipulation of either oxygen or carbon dioxide is shown to have little effect on school behavior if the changes occur slowly. More rapid changes do not alter school structure, but do cause schools to avoid such changes. The means by which this may be accomplished and how it is transferred to group action is discussed.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Apr 01, 1968
- Accession Number
- AD0715113
Entities
People
- Sanford Moss
- William N. Mcfarland
Organizations
- Cornell University