Determination of Fluoride Pollutants in Natural Waters Using a Known-Addition Technique
Abstract
Fluoride concentrations in complex natural waters, such as estuaries, rivers, or lakes, may be measured using an ion-selective electrode and a known- addition technique in conjunction with a complexing buffer. No additional information, such as interfering ion concentrations or ionic strength, is needed. Reliable measurements may be made in river waters containing as much as 25 mg/l Al(3+), 125 mg/l Fe(3+), 20 g/l Ca(2+), or 2.5 g/l Mg(2+). Results are accurate to about 0.02 mg F/l. In rivers, the relative standard deviation is 1% to 2% when the fluoride concentration is 1 mg/l and up to 5% when its concentration is 0.1 mg/l. In estuaries, the relative standard deviation ranges between 0.3% and 1.0% under typical conditions.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Dec 24, 1970
- Accession Number
- AD0717595
Entities
People
- Theodore B. Warner
Organizations
- United States Naval Research Laboratory