Design Studies for High Rate, High Energy, Nonaqueous Electro-Chemical Energy Conversion Systems.

Abstract

Studies have been made of the electrochemical reaction mechanisms, solution properties, and theoretical design criteria for electrochemical energy conversion devices with potentially high energy density. The reduction of meta-dinitrobenzene (m-DNB) in liquid ammonia and in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions has been studied. The results show strong dependence of the reduction mechanism on the proton-donating ability of the electrolyte, with an eight electron transfer possible in ammonium nitrate-liquid ammonia solutions. A mathematical model for porous electrodes using sparingly soluble reactants has been developed. The results of numerical calculations based on this model show that mass transfer limiting currents are possible in nonaqueous batteries using such electrodes. In addition, studies of electrolyte solution properties in liquid ammonia, DMSO, and dimethyl sulfite (DMSU) have been carried out. A new, high voltage, high power density cell has been discovered. Results of cell tests, though preliminary, indicate that the actual packaged energy density of the system may be low (ll watt-hr/lb). The electrodes are a lithium negative and a lamellar compound of graphite positive. (Author)

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Dec 01, 1970
Accession Number
AD0722384

Entities

People

  • Douglas N. Bennion
  • John S. Dunning
  • William H. Tiedemann

Organizations

  • University of California, Los Angeles

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Ammonium Nitrate
  • Conversion
  • Design Criteria
  • Electrochemical Reactions
  • Electrodes
  • Electrolytes
  • Electron Transfer
  • Energy
  • Energy Conversion
  • High Energy
  • High Voltage
  • Mass Transfer
  • Mathematical Models
  • Reaction Mechanisms
  • Rocket Oxidizers
  • Sulfur Compounds

Fields of Study

  • Chemistry

Readers

  • Electrochemical Engineering/ Fuel Cell Technologies

Technology Areas

  • Microelectronics