Effects of Pressure and Muscle Loading on the Toxic Actions of Echinoderm Saponins in Neuromuscular Tissues

Abstract

The toxic marine saponin holothurin A from the Bahamian sea cucumber has been studied with regard to potency in blockade of responses of phrenic nerve-diaphragm (PN-D) preparations from the rat and the guinea pig under the additional stresses of high environmental pressure or variable loading of the muscle. In the rat tissue, the toxin (H(-)) and its desulfated derivative (DeH) afford a contrast in sensitivity to the effects of elevated pressure: (a) the potency of H(-) at 1.0 x .0001M is quite high at 14.7 psia, falls sharply as pressure is increased to 130 psia, and then increases moderately as pressure is further raised toward 330 psia; (b) the effect of increased pressure on DeH potency is only marginal. At ambient pressure, the effectiveness of 1.0 x . 0001MH(-) in depressing twitch responses of rat or guinea pig PN-D preparations is quite high near zero loading of the muscle, and falls to negligible levels as the static loading factor is increased toward 10-20 g/g of tissue. These observations are interpreted in terms of a working model for toxin receptors in junctional areas of PN-D tissues. (Author)

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jul 26, 1971
Accession Number
AD0744913

Entities

People

  • J. D. Chanley
  • R. C. Durant
  • S. L. Friess
  • W. L. Fink

Organizations

  • Naval Medical Research Center

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Biomedical Research
  • Chambers
  • Contrast
  • Echinodermata
  • Gases
  • High Pressure
  • Hyperbaric Chambers
  • Hyperbaric Conditions
  • Incubation
  • Partial Pressure
  • Peripheral Nervous System
  • Phrenic Nerves
  • Pressurization
  • Rodents
  • Tissues
  • Toxic Actions
  • Toxicology

Readers

  • Aquatic Ecology
  • Fluid Dynamics.
  • Neurotoxicology