Survey of Cryogenic Cooling Techniques

Abstract

A survey was made to determine the state of the art of various methods of cooling to cryogenic temperatures for potential adaptation to spaceborne systems. The study included evaluation of mechanical closed-cycle refrigerators, open-cycle expendable systems, passive radiation concepts which utilize the low temperature of the deep space environment, and thermoelectric devices. The following mechanical refrigeration cycles were evaluated: Vuilleumier, Stirling, Gifford-McMahon/Solvay, Brayton and Claude. Open-cycle expendable systems evaluated were high-pressure gas coupled with Joule-Thomson expansion, cryogenic liquids in both the subcritical and supercritical state, solidified cryogens, and liquids storable at room temperature.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 30, 1972
Accession Number
AD0755780

Entities

People

  • Martin Donabedian

Organizations

  • The Aerospace Corporation

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Ground and Sea Platforms
  • Space
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Aircrafts
  • Brayton Cycles
  • Deep Space
  • Heat Energy
  • Heat Transfer
  • High Pressure
  • Infrared Detectors
  • Latent Heat
  • Low Temperature
  • Manufacturing
  • Space Environments
  • Stirling Cycles
  • Test And Evaluation
  • Thermodynamic Cycles
  • Thermodynamic Processes
  • Thermodynamics

Fields of Study

  • Engineering

Readers

  • Electrical Engineering

Technology Areas

  • Space
  • Space - Hall-Effect Thruster