Prediction of Hazards of Spills of Anhydrous Ammonia on Water

Abstract

Maritime transport of liquid anhydrous ammonia (LNH3) poses a potential hazard to the public, to aquatic life, and to other shipping should there be an accidental surface or underwater release of ammonia. This report contains the results of an experimental and analytical program aimed at evaluating the hazards presented by a 3,000 ton release of liquid anhydrous ammonia on water. Test spills were conducted in the laboratory (up to 1/2 gallons), in a swimming pool (5 gallons) and in a lake (50 gallon size) and the fraction of released ammonia dissolving in water and the amount vaporizing were determined. The dispersion of vapor in air was measured and a theory was developed to predict the movement. Analytical models to predict water dispersion are also presented.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Mar 01, 1974
Accession Number
AD0779400

Entities

People

  • A. S. Kalelkar
  • J. Hagopian
  • P. K. Raj

Organizations

  • Arthur D. Little

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Ground and Sea Platforms
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Boundary Layer
  • Chemistry
  • Computer Programs
  • Computers
  • Heat Capacity
  • Heat Energy
  • Heat Transfer
  • Hydroxides
  • Latent Heat
  • Liquid Phases
  • Marine Transportation
  • Measurement
  • Medical Personnel
  • Plastic Explosives
  • Temperature Gradients
  • Thermodynamic Properties
  • Turbulent Mixing

Readers

  • Aquatic Ecology
  • Environmental Engineering
  • Explosive Engineering.