GRAVITY-ASSISTED TRAJECTORIES FOR SOLAR PROBE MISSIONS

Abstract

An investigation of direct-transfer trajectories for solar probe missions indicates that expensive launch vehicles such as the Saturn V are required to achieve perihelia less than 0.25 AU and inclination angles above 20 degrees. Methods are developed for two- and three-dimensional gravity-assisted trajectories (trajectories which pass through one or more planetary gravitational fields), and are applied to solar probe missions in an attempt to reduce launch vehicle costs. The analysis is based on the pieced-conic approximation and the assumption of circular coplanar planetary orbits. It is found that a perihelion of 0.16 AU can be obtained with the Atlas/Centaur/TE- 364-3 by using a Venus assist. Even greater reductions in perihelia are attained with multiple passes at Venus; in addition, these missions allow the exploration of several regions near the Sun with a single launch. Venus-Mercury combination- assisted trajectories are of little value in solar probe missions. Solar impact and 90 degrees -out-of-ecliptic trajectories can be attained with a Jupiter assist; however, traversal of the asteroid belt and a three-year mission time decreases spacecraft reliability.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jun 01, 1967
Accession Number
AD0822156

Entities

People

  • Kenneth A. Myers

Organizations

  • Air Force Institute of Technology

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Aphelions
  • Computer Programming
  • Computer Programs
  • Coordinate Systems
  • Elliptical Orbits
  • Engineering
  • Geometry
  • Launch Vehicles
  • Orbits
  • Perihelions
  • Plastic Explosives
  • Reliability
  • Solar Probes
  • Spacecraft
  • Three Dimensional
  • Transfer Orbits

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Space Exploration and Orbital Mechanics.

Technology Areas

  • Space
  • Space - Hall-Effect Thruster
  • Space - Orbital Debris
  • Space - Spacecraft Maneuvers