Heat of Crystallization as a Heat Source for Divers.
Abstract
The heat of crystallization, which is given off by a molten chemical when it solidifies, is a convenient source of heat for divers exposed to cold water. The most promising concept is a chemical heat source placed inside of wet-suiting material. Lithium nitrate trihydrate, which crystallizes at 30C (86F), appears to be the best chemical for this purpose. Experimental mittens containing a one-half-inch layer of this material provided two hours of protection in ice water. A chemical heat source based on the heat of crystallization is also a potentially practical method of providing emergency heat to divers in personnel transfer capsules. Such heat could be provided by chemicals in panels placed on the walls of the habitat or by a chemical heat source contained in a cannister. (Author)
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jun 01, 1970
- Accession Number
- AD0873143
Entities
People
- Peter J. Hearst
Organizations
- Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center