An RCT of Nurse Coaching vs. Herbal CAM for Soldier Weight Reduction

Abstract

Purpose: To test a nurse coaching intervention and an herbal supplement for Service Member (SM) weight reduction over a 12-week period to evaluate their effectiveness independently and synergistically. Design: Prospective, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Methods: Overweight SM, 18-57 years old, recruited from the Army overweight program, were randomized to one of 4 groups. Self-referrals not yet flagged for being overweight attended 12 weeks of dietitian-led lifestyle education. Primary outcome was weight loss, and secondary outcomes were % body fat, waist circumference, fasting blood sugar (FBS), lipid and vitamin D levels, bone mineral density (BMD), adherence, and motivation. Outcome measures were obtained at 3 time points. A nurse coach contacted participants weekly. Adherence was measured by classes attended and returns for data collection/blood draws. Sample: Demographics (N=435): mean age 30 8.2 yrs, 73.4% male, predominantly white (70.1%) and non-Hispanic (80%), 71% married, 91% enlisted, and 61% reported history of being overweight. Analysis: Change scores were compared across groups using general linear models adjusted for covariates imbalanced at baseline. Findings: 1) When comparing the 3 nurse health coaching (NHC) groups to the control group (CG) only, beneficial intervention effects were observed for heel BMD (d = 0.3), vitamin D levels (d = 0.43), and FBS (d = -0.4); 2) Supplement group showed no difference on any outcome; 3) There were no significant differences in any outcome between the CG and the self-referred group. Attrition rate was highest from Week 6 to 12 at 40%. Implications for Military Nursing: The primary outcome of weight loss proved difficult for all groups; similar motivation and adherence scores were recorded, excluding the CG. The education provided to participants about good health behaviors may diminish chronic disease risk and the related socioeconomic burden.

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Dec 08, 2015
Accession Number
AD1000714

Entities

People

  • Mccarthy S. Mary

Organizations

  • Geneva Foundation

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical
  • Human Systems

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Attrition
  • Body Composition
  • Body Weight
  • Education
  • Electronic Mail
  • Health Services
  • Herbal Supplements
  • Human Behavior
  • Knowledge Management
  • Medical Personnel
  • Military Personnel
  • Mobile Phones
  • Motivation
  • Overweight
  • Therapy
  • Vitamin D
  • Weight Reduction

Fields of Study

  • Medicine

Readers

  • Exercise and Sports Science.
  • Psychological Intervention/Treatment for Stress, Anxiety, PTSD, and Related Emotional and Cognitive Health Symptoms.
  • Women's Health and Cancer Risk Research: African American Women and Pregnancy Outcomes.