El Salvador: Limited Intervention Equals Limited Returns

Abstract

The complexity of the current operational environment, coupled with the increasingly tightened US budget, creates undesirable tensions for the leaders of the United States and the free world. The likely answer, found among the policy makers and leaders on Capitol Hill, is to do more with less which reflects back to the early 1990s and the post-Gulf War. This monograph offers the perspective that attempting to do more with less does not work. The purpose of this monograph is to analyze the misconception that using minimal means will produce anything other than minimal results. Using the single case study of the American military intervention in El Salvador in the 1980s, this monograph points to the evidence collected that underscores the results of a policy employing minimal means. Faced with a growing uneasiness coming out of the Vietnam War, the American public simply could not tolerate another war. Under these constraints, President Reagan and the American leadership operating within the diplomatic and military administrations attempted to utilize as minimal an effort required to quell the violence in El Salvador and prevent the spread of Soviet Communism. This monograph analyzes the El Salvador crisis from beginning to end. The origins of the Salvadoran civil war help explain why a country as small and seemingly as insignificant as El Salvador actually mattered to the United States. The geographic location of El Salvador as well as the historical implications of the Monroe Doctrine and the Roosevelt Corollary dictate why the US cared. Additionally, the perceived threat of Communist expansion piqued the interest of American leadership and the global community. The United States felt that its hand was forced and responded with military and diplomatic measures due to the growing threat of an insurgent force funded by Soviet and Cuba Communists governments. The concluding sections serve as a cautionary tale of using limited means to achieve big results.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 21, 2015
Accession Number
AD1001240

Entities

People

  • Joseph C. Black

Organizations

  • United States Army Command and General Staff College

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Human Systems
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Central America
  • Civil War
  • Counterinsurgency
  • Economic Systems
  • El Salvador
  • Foreign Relations
  • Governments
  • Insurgency
  • Lessons Learned
  • National Politics
  • New York
  • Political Systems
  • Revolutions
  • Terrorism
  • Terrorists
  • United States
  • Warfare

Fields of Study

  • Political science

Readers

  • Military History of the United States in the 20th Century.
  • Political Violence and Terrorism Studies.
  • Strategic Security Studies