Effects of Corrugated Temperature Sheets on Optical Propagation along Quasi-Horizontal Paths in the Stably Stratified Atmosphere

Abstract

Optical propagation through the clear atmosphere is affected by small-scale refractive-index fluctuations which are caused mainly by temperature fluctuations. In the stably stratified atmosphere, these temperature fluctuations are the result of a combination of (1) more or less homogeneous and isotropic turbulence and(2) non-turbulent, quasi-horizontal interfaces, or ``sheets''. Collocated in-situ and optical field measurements conducted in the atmospheric surface layer confirmed that angle-of-arrival fluctuations and irradiance fluctuations observed with large-aperture telescopes (36 cm aperture diameter) are consistent with theoretical predictions based on Taylor's frozen-turbulence hypothesis and the geometrical-optics approximation. Short-term (less than a few seconds) fluctuations are dominated by turbulence while longer-term fluctuations are dominated by horizontally extended sheets. Direct numerical simulations of isotropic turbulence showed very good agreement with the turbulence spectrum predicted by Hill's 1978model. A theoretical model of corrugated sheets was developed and analyzed.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Dec 11, 2015
Accession Number
AD1001853

Entities

People

  • Andreas Muschinski

Organizations

  • Northwest Research Associates

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force Research Laboratories
  • Angle Of Arrival
  • Atmospheres
  • Atmospheric Motion
  • Boundary Layer
  • Electronic Mail
  • Measurement
  • Physics
  • Refractive Index
  • Scattering
  • Simulations
  • Spectra
  • Standards
  • Three Dimensional
  • Turbulence
  • Wave Propagation
  • Wind Velocity

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Atmospheric Science / Meteorology, specifically Wind Wave Turbulence.
  • Electromagnetic Wave Scattering and Antenna Radiation Engineering

Technology Areas

  • Space
  • Space - Space Objects