Linear and Nonlinear Infrasound Propagation to 1000 km

Abstract

The Navier-Stokes equations have been solved using a finite-difference, time-domain (FDTD) approach for axi-symmetric environmental models, allowing three-dimensional acoustic propagation to be simulated using a two dimensional Cylindrical coordinate system. A method to stabilize the FDTD algorithm in a viscous medium at atmospheric densities characteristic of the lower thermosphere is described. The stabilization scheme slightly alters the governing equations, but results in quantifiable dispersion characteristics. It is shown that this method leaves sound speeds and attenuation unchanged at frequencies that are well resolved by the temporal sampling rate, but strongly attenuates higher frequencies. Numerical experiments are performed to assess the effect of source strength on the amplitudes and spectral content of signals recorded at ground level at a range of distances from the source. It is shown that the source amplitudes have a stronger effect on a signals dominant frequency than on its amplitude. Applying the stabilized code to infrasound propagation through realistic atmospheric profiles shows that nonlinear propagation alters the spectral content of low amplitude thermospheric signals, demonstrating that nonlinear effects are significant for all detectable thermospheric returns.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Dec 15, 2015
Accession Number
AD1004164

Entities

People

  • Catherine De Groot-hedlin

Organizations

  • University of California, San Diego

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Sensors

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Acoustic Propagation
  • Acoustic Waves
  • Acoustics
  • Air Force Research Laboratories
  • Atmospheric Density
  • Attenuation
  • Computational Science
  • Coordinate Systems
  • Differential Equations
  • Equations
  • Frequency
  • Geometry
  • Ground Level
  • Navier Stokes Equations
  • Three Dimensional
  • Time Domain
  • Two Dimensional

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Acoustics.
  • Atmospheric Science / Meteorology, specifically Wind Wave Turbulence.
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)