Early Detection of Amyloid Plaque in Alzheimer's Disease via X-ray Phase CT

Abstract

In this project, we proposed to develop the x-ray phase contrast CT (PCCT) imaging method for early detection of amyloid plaque in Alzheimers disease, with three Specific Aims: 1 Develop and optimize an x-ray PCCT to explore the methodology of direct imaging of AP; 2 Evaluate the PCCTs capability of imaging A(beta) 1-40/A(beta) 1-42 peptides/fibrils at the concentrations existing in AD brain; 3 Verify the PCCTscapability of direct imaging of AP in AD using postmortem brain specimens. Even though the fabrication of x-ray gratings were much morecomplicated and challenging than initially anticipated, the prototype x-ray PCCT has been built successfully and works in full functionality.We imaged the specimens of AD brain, normally aged brain and pathologically aged brain, with three major findings: (i) the contrast betweengrey matter and white matter in x-ray PCCT image is substantially higher than that in conventional CT image, (ii) given identical x-ray dose,the PCCT image of brain specimen is of substantially higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than that of conventional CT image, and (iii) evenwith substantially improved SNR, the PCCT still cannot convincingly differentiate the AD brain specimen with amyloid plaques from thenormal aged brain specimen without amyloid plaques, probably due to the fact that, limited by the output power of micro-focus x-ray tube, the acquisition of one set of projection by the prototype system takes about 12 hours, which may degrade the prototype systems imaging performance significantly (thus opportunity for future research). Under partial support of this grant, five journal papers have been published in Medical Physics, and more than eight papers in leading international conferences.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Aug 01, 2016
Accession Number
AD1014068

Entities

People

  • Xiangyang Tang

Organizations

  • Emory University

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Alzheimer Disease
  • Brain
  • Change Detection
  • Detection
  • Detectors
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Diffraction
  • Electronic Mail
  • Fabrication
  • Hard X Rays
  • Health Services
  • Medical Personnel
  • Scattering
  • Tomography
  • Two Dimensional
  • X Rays
  • X-Ray Computed Tomography

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Medical Imaging.
  • Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and Cognitive Aging in the Guam and Border Populations Affected by Alzheimer's Disease and Tau-Associated Dementias.