Biomarkers of Alpha Particle Radiation Exposure

Abstract

The threat of terrorist-precipitated nuclear event places humans at risk for radiological exposures. Increased forensic capability through the development of biological tools tohelp identify those involved should be an integral to a national strategy against terrorism. Such capacities may potentially deter a mass casualty event and would be of benefit for rapidly identifying those who are exposed, if such a terrorist event were to occur. Among the isotopes to be used, those emitting alpha-particles pose the highest risk. Here we describe work towards the identification of gene-based biomarkers of alpha-particle radiation exposure. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMN) isolated from healthy individuals were irradiated with alpha-particle radiation at doses of 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5Gy. Genomic strategies were then employed to identify transcripts that were differentially expressed relative to un-irradiated cells, 24 hours post-exposure. Stringent statistical analysis identified strong responding genes at each of the individual doses tested. Among these genes, 31 were common to all doses with high expression levels ranging from 2-10 fold. This subset of genes were further validated in complete whiteblood cell (WBC) populations and compared to X-ray exposure using quantitative real time PCR. The gene panel was responsive in the alpha particle exposed WBCs and was shown to exhibit a unique expression profile from X-irradiated cells. This initial data is promising and has provided a sub-set of dose-responsive genes to radiation exposure which may provide a means for developing detection strategies for special nuclear material handling and exposure in humans.

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Apr 01, 2014
Accession Number
AD1017007

Entities

People

  • Vinita Chauhan

Organizations

  • Health Canada

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Alpha Particles
  • Blood
  • Blood Cells
  • Cell Count
  • Cell Physiological Processes
  • Cells
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemistry
  • Computational Biology
  • Data Analysis
  • Diseases And Disorders
  • Dose Rate
  • Health Services
  • Leukocytes
  • Medical Personnel
  • Nuclear Materials
  • Statistical Analysis

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Molecular and genetic basis of cancer.
  • Nuclear and Radiation Engineering.