An Epistemic Characterization of Zero Knowledge
Abstract
Halpern, Moses and Tuttle presented a definition of interactive proofs using a notion they called practical knowledge, but left open the question of finding an epistemic formula that completely characterizes zero knowledge; that is, a formula that holds iff a proof is zero knowledge. We present such a formula, and show that it does characterize zero knowledge. Moreover, we show that variants of the formula characterize variants of zero knowledge such as concurrent zero knowledge [Dwork, Naor, and Sahai 1998] and proofs of knowledge [Feige, Fiat, and Shamir 1987; Tompa and Woll 1987].
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Mar 16, 2009
- Accession Number
- AD1020564
Entities
People
- Joseph Halpern
- Rafael Pass
- Vasumathi Raman
Organizations
- Cornell University