Understanding the Threat Ecosystem: A Concept for Intelligence Support to Special Warfare

Abstract

The current US Army operating concept, as described in TRADOC Pamphlet 525-3-1, states that the evolving global operating environment contains diverse enemies, employing traditional, unconventional and hybrid strategies that threaten the security and vital interests of the United States. In this dynamic and emergent threat environment, the United States National Command Authority will turn increasingly to Special Operations Forces to conduct Special Warfare activates in order to mitigate or eliminate threats before they metastasize. Intelligence support to Special Warfare activities is critical to ensure the effective conduct of these sensitive activities, but the foundations of US Army intelligence practices still retain the essence of a Cold War focus, understanding a known enemy who follows known doctrine. The focus on a reductionist approach to intelligence problems by parsing issues into sub-categories, can lead intelligence professionals away from seeing bigger picture patterns and trends. Military intelligence professionals working in a complex world with an amorphous threat environment need to understand problems from a holistic approach. Drawing from the discipline of complexity research, this monograph argues that Special Warfare operational environments, can be better understood in the form of an ecosystem. Therefore, the use of an ecosystem-based intelligence analysis of the operational environment is an effective method to frame the problem set. The Anbar Awakening during Operation Iraqi Freedom is an example of the Special Warfare environment in the 21st Century, and can be analyzed using an ecosystem model to understand the relationships and resource flows between actors. This example demonstrates how an ecosystem framing of intelligence analysis in support of Special Warfare mission sets provides a more comprehensive way to understand the operational environment.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 10, 2016
Accession Number
AD1032868

Entities

People

  • Douglas W. Zimmerman

Organizations

  • School of Advanced Military Studies

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Autonomy
  • Cyber
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Engineered Resilient Systems

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Adaptive Systems
  • Complex Adaptive Systems
  • Contingency Operations (Military)
  • Ethnic Groups
  • Governments
  • Intergovernmental Organizations
  • International Law
  • Military History
  • Military Organizations
  • Military Science
  • National Security
  • Sectarian Violence
  • Societies
  • Terrorism
  • Terrorists
  • United States
  • Warfare

Readers

  • Irregular Warfare and Special Operations Cyberspace Operations against Adversarial Threats.
  • Joint Military Operations and Doctrine.
  • Theoretical Analysis.