Collective Genetic Interaction Effects and the Role of Antigen Presenting Cells in Autoimmune Diseases

Abstract

Autoimmune diseases occur when immune cells fail to develop or lose their tolerance toward self and destroy body's own tissues. Both insufficient negative selection of self-reactiveT cells and impaired development of regulatory T cells preventing effector cell activation are believed to contribute to autoimmunity. Genetic predispositions center around the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II loci involved in antigen presentation, the keydeterminant of CD4+ T cell activation. Recent studies suggested that variants in the MHCregion also exhibit significant non-additive interaction effects. However, collective interactions involving large numbers of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) contributing to such effects are yet to be characterized. In addition, relatively little is known about the celltype-specificity of such interactions in the context of cellular pathways. Here, we analyzed type 1 diabetes (T1D) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) genome-wide association data sets vialarge-scale, high-performance computations and inferred collective interaction effects involving MHC SNPs using the discrete discriminant analysis.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 12, 2017
Accession Number
AD1034410

Entities

People

  • Chenggang Yu
  • Hyungg Jun Woo
  • Jaques Reifman

Organizations

  • Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications Institute

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Autoimmune Diseases
  • Autoimmunity
  • Blood
  • Cell Physiological Processes
  • Cells
  • Chemistry
  • Epithelial Cells
  • Genetic Phenomena
  • Genetic Variation
  • Genetics
  • Immune System
  • Lymphocytes
  • Peptides
  • Proteins
  • Stem Cells
  • Supervised Machine Learning
  • Thymocytes

Fields of Study

  • Biology

Readers

  • Molecular and Cellular Biology
  • Molecular and genetic basis of cancer.

Technology Areas

  • AI & ML
  • Biotechnology
  • Biotechnology - Cancer Biotech