Analysis of Serum Concentrations of Tranexamic Acid Given by Alternate Routes in Swine (Sus scrofa) During Controlled Hemorrhage.
Abstract
Objectives: Define the pharmacokinetics of tranexamic acid given by IV, IO and IM routes.Methods: 15 Yorkshire swine were anesthetized, hemorrhaged 35 of their blood volume, equilibrated and randomized to IV, IO, or IM administration of TXA. Serum samples were taken at T0, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240, and 300. High performance liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy was used to determine the concentration of TXA in the serum at these time points. Results: There were no significant differences in baseline measurements or hemorrhage percentage between groups and all were in a congruent state of class III shock. Serum sample analysis showed all three routes achieved a serum concentration of >10g/mL within 10 minutes of administration which was maintained over 240 minutes. The IV and IO routes had much higher initial peak serum concentrations. There were no injection site changes noted at necropsy. Conclusion: While there were significant differences in the peak serum concentration of TXA when comparing IV and IM administration, IM did reach a minimum concentration which in vitro has been shown to inhibit fibrinolysis. As expected, the IM route performed like a depot injection with greater concentrations still present at time 120min. Additional research is needed to determine the efficacy of TXA given by this route.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Aug 17, 2017
- Accession Number
- AD1038228
Entities
People
- Erik Desoucy
Organizations
- David Grant USAF Medical Center