Understanding and Targeting Epigenetic Alterations in Acquired Bone Marrow Failure

Abstract

Systematic genomic discovery efforts in patients with bone marrow failure due to myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) has led to the rapid discovery of recurrent somatic genetic alterations underlying these disorders. Remarkably, a large number of these mutations occur in genes whose function is known, or suspected, to be involved in epigenetic regulation of gene transcription or in RNA splicing. This includes mutations in ASXL1, TET2, and EZH2 as well as mutations in the RNA splicing factors SF3B1, SRSF2, and U2AF1. Over the course of funding of this award we have made major progress in (1) understanding the impact of ASXL1 mutations and loss on chromatin (Abdel-Wahab, et al. Cancer Cell 2012), (2) identifying the in vivo biological effects of deletion of Asxl1 and Tet2 alone and in combination with one another (Abdel-Wahab, et al. J Exp Med 2013), (3) identified the genome-wide effects of Asxl1 on transcription (Abdel-Wahab, et al. J Exp Med 2013 and Abdel-Wahab, O, et al. Leukemia 2013), (4) identified that mutations in the splicing machinery in MDS also may impact the function of epigenetic modifiers (Kim, E, et al. Cancer Cell 2015), (5) developed therapeutic approach to target spliceosomal mutant MDS (Lee, SCW, et al. Nat Med 2016), and (6) identified a function of ASXL2, a paralog of ASXL1, in normal and malignant hematopoiesis (Micol, J-B, et al. Nat Comm 2017).

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jul 01, 2016
Accession Number
AD1042492

Entities

People

  • Omar Abdel-Wahab

Organizations

  • Sloan-Kettering Institute

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Birds
  • Cell Physiological Processes
  • Cells
  • Genetics
  • Health Services
  • Hematologic Diseases
  • Lymphatic Diseases
  • Medical Personnel
  • Neoplasms
  • Oncology
  • Stem Cells

Fields of Study

  • Biology

Readers

  • Military History
  • Molecular and genetic basis of cancer.

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology