Performance Losses in Additively Manufactured Low Thrust nozzles

Abstract

The goal of this research is to evaluate, both analytically and experimentally, the suitability of additive manufacturing in the production of small scale thruster nozzles for low thrust orbital propulsion applications. Current high temperature metallic additive manufacturing processes, like Direct Metal Laser Sintering, typically result in untreated part surfaces with higher roughness than traditional machining processes. For large scale rocket applications, nozzle wall roughness, and the associated boundary layer effects, may safely be ignored. However, in nozzles with throat diameters on the order of ten-thousandths of an inch, any viscous effects originating at the nozzle walls must be considered. It is likely that, even at the low flow Reynolds numbers exhibited in low thrust applications, the effects of viscous losses at the nozzle walls are affected by an increase in nozzle surface roughness. The first phase of this research focuses on the design and implementation of an analytic model to predict losses in thrust coefficient due to viscous effects. During the second phase, a variety of nozzle configurations are tested in a laboratory environment to determine the accuracy of the analytic model and to identify additional modes of performance loss associated with increased surface roughness.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Mar 23, 2017
Accession Number
AD1055372

Entities

People

  • Christopher D Tommila

Organizations

  • Air Force Institute of Technology

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Human Systems
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Accuracy
  • Additive Manufacturing
  • Air Force
  • Boundary Layer
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Heat Transfer
  • High Temperature
  • Manufacturing
  • Measurement
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Propulsion Systems
  • Reynolds Number
  • Rocket Engines
  • Selective Laser Sintering
  • Space Propulsion
  • Three Dimensional

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Aerospace Propulsion Engineering.
  • Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Dynamics.
  • Manufacturing Engineering.

Technology Areas

  • Directed Energy
  • Space
  • Space - Hall-Effect Thruster