Mechanisms of Gastrointestinal Neuropeptide Signaling in an Animal Model of SCI Following Weight Loss Surgery

Abstract

Approximately two-thirds of spinal cord injured (SCI) individuals become overweight or obese. The greatest increase from normal to overweight or obese has been reported to occur during the first year after acute rehabilitation. In addition to limiting self-help techniques (e.g., wheelchair transfer) these individuals are susceptible to obesity-related conditions including Type II diabetes. As the life-span of SCI individuals continues to increase, these chronic conditions diminish the quality of life while increasing the financial healthcare burden for veterans with SCI. Weight loss surgery (WLS), including sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery, is regarded as highly effective in the long-term treatment of obesity and remission of type 2 diabetes. The weight-reduction after WLS does not appear to reflect mechanical restriction of food intake or malabsorption of nutrients, but a change in the regulatory signaling within the gut-brain axis. Examples of these changes include the increased release of anorexigenic gut hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and alterations in gastrointestinal transit.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jul 01, 2018
Accession Number
AD1059196

Entities

People

  • Andras Hajnal
  • Gregory Holmes

Organizations

  • Pennsylvania State University

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Arteries
  • Autonomic Nervous System
  • Bariatrics
  • Biomedical Research
  • Body Composition
  • Body Weight
  • Cardiovascular Physiological Processes
  • Diabetes
  • Digestive System Processes
  • Histology
  • Homeostasis
  • Medical Personnel
  • Nervous System
  • Obesity
  • Overweight
  • Peptides
  • Physiology
  • Risk Factors
  • Spinal Cord
  • Spinal Injuries
  • Surgery
  • Technicians
  • Therapy
  • Training
  • Type 2 Diabetes
  • Weight

Fields of Study

  • Medicine

Readers

  • Exercise and Sports Science.
  • Gulf War Illness and Chronic Multisymptom Illness in Veterans.
  • Neurotrauma and Rehabilitation Medicine.