Comparative effects of phencynonate hydrochloride and scopolamine hydrobromide against organophosphorus nerve-agent induced seizure activity and neuropathology

Abstract

This study utilized the guinea pig NA-seizure model to assess and compare the effectiveness of phencynonate hydrochloride (PCH), a compound that possesses both anticholinergic and anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate activities, and of scopolamine hydrobromide (SCP), a purely anti-muscarinic compound, when given at the early (at time of seizure onset) or late (40 min after seizure onset) phase of seizure progression. Administered at seizure onset, PCH and SCP were both effective at terminating seizure activity against all NAs, with ED50 values for SCP generally lower. At the 40 min treatment time, ED50 values were obtained following GA, GD, GF, and VR challenges for SCP, but for PCH values could only be obtained following GD, indicating a superior efficacy of SCP. When seizure activity was controlled, a significant improvement in weight loss, neuropathology, and survival was observed, regardless of treatment or NA challenge. These results demonstrate the differing efficacies of these two similarly structured anticholinergic compounds with delayed administration and warrant further investigation into the timing and mechanisms of the seizure maintenance phase in different animal model.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 24, 2018
Accession Number
AD1060790

Entities

People

  • Cindy Acon-chen
  • Jeffrey A. Koenig
  • Tsung-Ming Shih

Organizations

  • United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Acetylcholinesterases
  • Amino Acids
  • Animals
  • Blood-Brain Barrier
  • Body Weight
  • Brain
  • Central Nervous System
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Epilepsy
  • Medical Personnel
  • Nerve Agents
  • Organophosphorus Compounds
  • Pharmacology
  • Poisoning
  • Pyridostigmine Bromide
  • Rodents
  • Seizures

Readers

  • Computational Modeling and Simulation
  • Neurotoxicology