Impact of Relative Humidity and Airborne Benzene Concentrations on Condensation Water from Air Product Water

Abstract

Finding sources of safe drinking water poses a challenge in remote areas without access to a reliable natural water source. Condensation Water from Air (CWFA)technology can help alleviate the worldwide water crisis by harnessing water vapor from air and producing potable water in diverse environments. This technology produces water by passing air over a surface cooled below the dew point of the ambient air, similar to a home dehumidifier. Previous studies have shown that water produced by CWFA systems is within drinking water standards for basic parameters such as metals, turbidity, pH, conductivity, alkalinity, total hardness, and total dissolved solids. However, a recent study evaluating the impact of air temperature and ambient benzene vapor concentrations on the CWFA product water found that benzene vapor concentrations representing an indoor industrial environment resulted in benzene product water concentrations up to twice the EPA drinking water standard of 5 g/L. The purpose of this research is to understand the effects of humidity on the transfer of benzene from ambient air to the CWFA product water. A CWFA machine was placed inside a 1 m3 volume exposure chamber with a low airflow rate (11 air changes per hour). A pressure vessel generated and maintained six different benzene vapor concentrations at steady state representing a range of polluted outdoor and industrial indoor environments. The conditions of the experiment consisted of two relative humidity conditions: 45% and 65%, and an air temperature of 25 deg C. Both CWFA product and control water were analyzed for benzene using U.S. EPA Method 524.2. The results of this study indicate that benzene vapor concentrations typical to a highly polluted outdoor environment resulted in benzene product water concentrations below the USEPA drinking water standard of 5 g/L.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Mar 23, 2017
Accession Number
AD1063971

Entities

People

  • Karim Elyamani

Organizations

  • Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Pollution
  • Air Temperature
  • Army
  • Atmospheric Chemistry
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemistry
  • Descriptive Analytics
  • Detectors
  • Dew Point
  • Drinking Water
  • Environment
  • Environmental Management
  • Environmental Monitoring
  • Environmental Pollutants
  • Flow Rate
  • Gas Cylinders
  • Humidity
  • Hydrocarbons
  • Hygiene
  • Mass Flow
  • Organic Compounds
  • Physical Properties
  • Pressure Vessels
  • Public Health
  • Schematic Diagrams
  • Steady State
  • Therapy
  • Toxicology
  • United States
  • Volatile Organic Compounds
  • Water Purification
  • Water Quality
  • Water Vapor

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Aerosol Science/Aerosol Physics
  • Environmental Engineering
  • Organic Chemistry

Technology Areas

  • 5G