Predicting Optimal Maneuvering Time Benefits for Satellite Attitude Control

Abstract

A common goal of satellite control systems is to reduce the time required to change a spacecraft's attitude, which maximizes its mission capability. Time Optimal Attitude control algorithms increase the agility of satellites such as imaging spacecraft, thus allowing a greater frequency of image collection. Eigenaxis based maneuvering, though common in industry and academia, fails to produce the minimum-time solution for actual satellites. Solving the optimal control problem is often challenging and requires evaluating multiple maneuver paths to ensure the shortest path is found for each spacecraft configuration. One of the primary difficulties in predicting optimal control benefits stems from the wide range of satellite configurations and infinite variation in inertia. To mitigate this issue, this research aims to determine an analytical relationship between satellite inertia and the time savings of using optimal control rather than eigenaxis maneuvering on spacecraft with a NASA standard four reaction-wheel configuration. To accomplish this, the development of a script using DIDO R optimization software determines minimum-time paths for satellite maneuvers. Each path was independently verified and validated using Pontryagin's minimization principle to ensure that they are physically feasible and that each solution is optimal. Additionally, this work demonstrates that inertia ratios can be used to characterize the attitude control performance of any spacecraft, allowing for the analysis of satellite inertias and their relationship to maneuver time reduction regardless of the scale of the spacecraft. The calculation of the agility envelope volume is then utilized in conjunction with the DIDO R script and various inertia ratios in order to investigate the mathematical relationship between satellite inertia and time savings from optimal control.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 20, 2019
Accession Number
AD1073958

Entities

People

  • Yash D. Khatavkar

Organizations

  • United States Naval Academy

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Algorithms
  • Angular Acceleration
  • Angular Motion
  • Artificial Satellites
  • Attitude Control Systems
  • Control Systems
  • Dynamics
  • Equations
  • Frequency
  • Inertia
  • Maneuvers
  • Moment Of Inertia
  • New York
  • Optimization
  • Orientation (Direction)
  • Rotation
  • Satellite Attitude Control
  • Satellite Orientation
  • Simulations
  • Small Satellites
  • Space Tools
  • Spacecraft
  • Standards
  • Three Dimensional
  • Trajectories
  • Validation

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Control Systems Engineering.
  • Robotics and Automation.
  • Space Exploration and Orbital Mechanics.

Technology Areas

  • Space
  • Space - Satellites
  • Space - Spacecraft Maneuvers