Radar Assimilation over Kwajalein Atoll

Abstract

Radar-reflectivity observations from the Kwajalein Atoll were converted into 3-D fields of latent heating temperature tendency terms (LHT) and used to replace the microphysics temperature tendency term in the Weather Research and Forecasting numerical weather prediction model for two cases on the same day. Applying LHT from a series of 15-min radar observations during a preforecast data-assimilation period substantially improved short-term reflectivity forecasts. The benefits last longer for forecasting overall coverage of reflectivity compared to forecasting placement of convection. The length that improvements in placement last vary substantially between the two cases with improvement lasting approximately 3 h for the case with stronger, more widespread convection, and improvement lasting <1 h for the other case. The radar data provide the most benefit when the data-assimilation period is longer, with 6-h assimilation periods usually performing better than 2-h and 1-h assimilation periods. Potential benefits were seen by changing the LHT to zero when the model forecasted reflectivity too high to prevent overstimulation of convection. It was not clear if adding a cooling term to more efficiently suppress erroneous convection was beneficial.

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 10, 2019
Accession Number
AD1082516

Entities

People

  • Brian P. Reen
  • Huaqing Cai
  • John W. Raby

Organizations

  • United States Army Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Space
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Boundary Layer
  • Climate Change
  • Data Science
  • Databases
  • Heat Energy
  • Heat Of Fusion
  • Information Processing
  • Information Science
  • Kwajalein Atoll
  • Latent Heat
  • Military Research
  • Radar
  • Simulations
  • Statistics
  • Three Dimensional
  • United States
  • Weather Forecasting

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Applied Combinatorial Optimization and Logic Circuit Design.
  • Atmospheric Science/Meteorology
  • Thermal Physics or Thermal Science.