Central and Peripheral Mechanisms of Antipsychotic Medication-Induced Metabolic Dysregulation

Abstract

Antipsychotic drugs (APDs) are widely used psychotropic medications , though they have significant metabolic side effects. While the mechanisms for these metabolic disturbances are poorly understood, the single known unifying property of all APDs is their blockade of the dopamine D2 (D2R) and D3 (D3R) receptors. We therefore hypothesize that D2R and/or D3R mediate the metabolic side effects of APDs both centrally in the hypothalamus and peripherally in pancreas , areas critical for metabolic regulation. We have completed construction of novel inducible transgenic hypothalamic- and pancreatic beta cell -specific D2R knockout (KO) mice and are finalizing construction of hypothalamic and pancreatic beta cell-selective D3R KO mice. Additionally, using pancreatic islets isolated from beta cell-specific D2R KO mice and complete D3R KO mice, we found diminished inhibition of stimulated insulin secretion in both strains relative to littermate controls, suggesting a role for both receptors in mediating insulin secretion. In parallel, we have developed novel assays for measurement of pancreatic alpha cell glucagon and shown that APDs act directly on alpha cells to significantly disturb glucagon release.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 01, 2019
Accession Number
AD1088406

Entities

People

  • Zachary Freyberg

Organizations

  • University of Pittsburgh

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Biomedical Research
  • Body Weight
  • Brain
  • Cardiovascular Diseases
  • Cell Line
  • Cells
  • Central Nervous System
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Department Of Defense
  • Depression
  • Diseases And Disorders
  • Dopamine
  • Glucose Metabolism Disorders
  • Human Behavior
  • Hypothalamus
  • Inhibition
  • Insulin
  • Medical Personnel
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Metabolism
  • Nervous System
  • Neurosciences
  • Psychiatry
  • Secretion
  • Side Effects
  • Tranquilizing Agents
  • Type 2 Diabetes

Fields of Study

  • Biology

Readers

  • Immunology and Pathology
  • Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
  • Neuroscience