Adult-Born Neurons and the Development of Posttraumatic Epilepsy

Abstract

Post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) occurs in over 50% of veterans with a history of penetrating head injury, and individuals with severe head injuries have a seventeen-fold increased risk of developing epilepsy later in life. Although PTE is a heterogeneous condition with multiple etiologies, clinical data suggest that it often involves seizure foci in the temporal lobe, and in particular from within the hippocampus. The hippocampus manifests numerous anatomical changes in epilepsy, which are thought to mediate its contribution to neuronal hyperexcitability and seizures. Although the neuroanatomical changes associated with epilepsy are well described, how these abnormalities lead to the development of epilepsy are unknown. This CDMRP project is analyzing whether newly generated neurons in the hippocampus contribute to the formation of hyperexcitable circuits in a mouse model of posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE). The projects specific aims are (1) to assess adult-born hippocampal granule cell contributions to the formation of recurrent excitatory brain circuits after traumatic brain injury (TBI); (2) to characterize network properties of circuits involving adult-born granule cells after TBI; and (3) to assess whether modulation of post traumatic neurogenesis by diazepam prevents hippocampal hyperexcitability and posttraumatic epilepsy. If successful, we will not only substantially increase our understanding of how hippocampal function has changed after TBI, but we will also investigate the potential of pharmacologic modulation of the re-wiring process to reduce the subsequent development of epilepsy. This would have great translational relevance to future human clinical trials, which is a major focus of our work.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 01, 2019
Accession Number
AD1095473

Entities

People

  • Eric Schnell

Organizations

  • Oregon Health & Science University

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Brain
  • Brain Injuries
  • Cells
  • Confocal Microscopy
  • Department Of Veterans Affairs
  • Epilepsy
  • Head Injuries
  • Health Services
  • Information Processing
  • Laboratory Animals
  • Medical Personnel
  • Neurons
  • Seizures
  • Statistical Analysis

Fields of Study

  • Biology
  • Medicine
  • Psychology

Readers

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurotrauma and Rehabilitation Medicine.