Polar Ocean Observations: A Critical Gap in the Observing System and its Effect on Environmental Predictions from Hours to a Season

Abstract

There is a growing need for operational oceanographic predictions in both the Arctic and Antarctic polar regions. In the former, this is driven by a declining ice cover accompanied by an increase in maritime traffic and exploitation of marine resources. Oceanographic predictions in the Antarctic are also important, both to support Antarctic operations and also to help elucidate processes governing sea ice and ice shelf stability. However, a significant gap exists in the ocean observing system in polar regions, compared to most areas of the global ocean, hindering the reliability of ocean and sea ice forecasts. This gap can also be seen from the spread in ocean and sea ice reanalyses for polar regions which provide an estimate of their uncertainty. The reduced reliability of polar predictions may affect the quality of various applications including search and rescue, coupling with numerical weather and seasonal predictions, historical reconstructions (reanalysis), aquaculture and environmental management including environmental emergency response. Here, we outline the status of existing near-real time ocean observational efforts in polar regions, discuss gaps, and explore perspectives for the future. Specific recommendations include a renewed call for open access to data, especially real-time data, as a critical capability for improved sea ice and weather forecasting and other environmental prediction needs.

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Aug 06, 2019
Accession Number
AD1099658

Entities

People

  • Belinda Kater
  • Bruno Delille
  • Claudie Marec
  • David Hebert
  • Edward Joseph Metzger
  • Frank Kauker
  • Fraser Davidson
  • Gary Corlett
  • Gilles Larnicol
  • Gregory C. Smith
  • Janet Intrieri
  • Jose Lagunas
  • Julia Crout
  • Laurent Bertino
  • Marcel Babin
  • Matthieu Chevallier
  • Patrick Hyder
  • Richard Allard
  • Sarah. T. Gille
  • Thomas Kaminski

Organizations

  • United States Naval Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Autonomy
  • Engineered Resilient Systems
  • Materials and Manufacturing Processes
  • Sensors
  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Accuracy
  • Boundary Layer
  • Databases
  • Detection
  • Geography
  • Jet Propulsion
  • Measurement
  • Ocean Currents
  • Oceanography
  • Oceans
  • Remote Sensing
  • Sea Water
  • Surface Properties
  • Surface Temperature
  • Topography
  • United States
  • Weather Forecasting

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Modeling, Data Assimilation, and Flux Boundary Layers
  • Polar and Arctic Studies
  • Systems Analysis and Design