21 Day Repeated Dose Dermal Toxicity Study of Aircraft Engine Oils Using Sprague Dawley Rats (Rattus Norvegicus): Effects on Organs, Hematological Parameters and Cholinesterase Enzyme Activities in Tissues and Blood
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine if two MIL-PRF-7808 aircraft engine oils (grade 3 (G3) and grade 4 (G4)) in their new states (G3-N and G4-N) and their used versions (G3-U and G4-U) have potential to induce toxicity via dermal application. Male and female Sprague Dawley rats were dermally exposed to water (control), new and used versions of G3 and G4 oils. A volume of 300L of undiluted oil was applied to a pad in the Hill Top Chamber System. The chamber was attached to a fur-free test site on the back of a rat for 6 h/day, 5 consecutive days/week for 21 days (15 total exposures). Recovery rats exposed the same were kept for 14 days post-exposure to screen for reversibility, persistence, or delayed occurrence of toxic effects. A pilot study, with rats receiving the same treatment, was conducted to characterize electrophysiological effects associated with exposure to these oils. Oil analysis by 31P NMR indicated that G3 oils contained 4 isomers of tricresyl phosphates (TCP) while G4 comprised phenol isopropylated phosphate (3:1) (PIP)and triphenyl phosphate (TPP). The concentration for TCP in G3-U decreased by 26% relative to G3-N while amounts of TPP and PIP in G4-U decreased by 22% and 6.4%, respectively, relative to G4-N. Both G3 and G4 oils had a significant impact on weight of male and female reproductive organs: testes of G3-N recovery rats decreased; uterus of G3-N and G3-U rats decreased; uterus of G4-N rats decreased but recovered; G4-N increased weight of adrenals and spleen for females during recovery. G4-N induced the most changes in profiles of female blood, significantly decreasing white blood cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils and increasing mean platelet volumes. Males were not affected by exposure to G4-N oil. While G3-N decreased white blood cells and lymphocytes for females, it slightly increased those for males.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- May 28, 2020
- Accession Number
- AD1101484
Entities
People
- Brenda D. Schimmel
- Curtis Schimmel
- David R. Mattie
- Frances S. Curtner
- Heather Procopio
- Isaie Sibomana
- James Mcnamara
- Jo Griffin
- Joyce G. Rohan
- Kathleen Frondorf
- Tim A. Bausman
Organizations
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine