Update to Current Policies for Use of Radiation Therapy Drugs

Abstract

Potassium iodide (KI) and Prussian blue are two medical countermeasures that can be used to decrease the effects of internal radiological exposure. Potassium iodide protects the thyroid against Iodine-131 (I-131). I-131 is a product of nuclear fission, and is most often encountered in nuclear reactor accidents. Prussian blue binds radioactive cesium and thallium. Cesium-137 (Cs-137) is a product of nuclear fission and is associated with nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons, as well as medical sources and radiological dispersion devices (RDDs). The DOD policies for KI and Prussian blue have not been updated since 2005 and 2004, respectively. Therefore, there is a risk that patients treated with Prussian blue or KI will not receive medical care that is in sync with the last decade-plus of scientific research. Other associated policies, such as guidelines for the Strategic National Stockpile or FEMA guidelines, could have changed in the interim as well. This paper reviews scientific literature and policies published since 2004 to determine whether or why any changes to the current DOD policies are warranted, and makes recommendations accordingly.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Mar 01, 2020
Accession Number
AD1103109

Entities

People

  • Catherine E. Shuster
  • Kristen A. Bishop

Organizations

  • Institute for Defense Analyses

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Accidents
  • Chemical, Biological, Radiological, And Nuclear Defense
  • Cyanides
  • Department Of Homeland Security
  • Emergencies
  • Emergency Response
  • Environmental Protection
  • European Union
  • Gamma Rays
  • Health Services
  • Homeland Security
  • Hospitals
  • Medical Personnel
  • Nuclear Reactors
  • Nuclear Weapons
  • Public Health
  • Radiation Protection
  • Radioactive Materials
  • Radiological Weapons
  • Therapy
  • United States

Fields of Study

  • Medicine

Readers

  • Critical Infrastructure Protection in CBRN and WMD Threats.
  • Materials Science and Engineering.
  • Nuclear Non-Proliferation and International Security