Investigation into the Mechanisms of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Tumorigenesis and Chemoresistance via Systems Analysis of Mitochondrial Form and Function

Abstract

Mitochondrial content and basal respiration have been repeatedly demonstrated to be higher in leukemia. Although these findings are suggested to reflect higher 'reliance' on oxidative ATP production, bioenergetic efficiency in leukemic mitochondria has not been empirically tested. That is, it remains unclear if higher basal respiration in leukemia reflects accelerated demand for ATP regeneration and/or intrinsic limitations in bioenergetic efficiency. Distinguishing between these potential outcomes is critical, as the molecular 'cause' and thus potential treatment strategies are distinct. Herein, we sought to comprehensively evaluate bioenergetic efficiency in blood cancer mitochondria using a discovery-based biochemical platform. This platform encompasses two key technological advancements; 1) comprehensive unbiased analysis similar in scope to traditional 'omics', and 2) utilization of the creatine kinase clamp that allows assays to be performed across physiological ATP free energies (deltaGATP), thus permitting quantitative evaluation of bioenergetic efficiency. Experiments were performed in intact cells, permeabilized cells, and isolated mitochondria derived from human leukemia (HL-60, KG-1, and MV-4-11), as well as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBCs). Results revealed three key insights related to substrate preference, electron transport regulation, and bioenergetic efficiency.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jun 01, 2020
Accession Number
AD1105457

Entities

People

  • Kelsey H Fisher-Wellman

Organizations

  • East Carolina University

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Biomedical Research
  • Cell Line
  • Cells
  • Chemistry
  • Energy
  • Free Energy
  • Institutional Review Board
  • Leukemia
  • Lymphatic Diseases
  • Medical Personnel
  • Mitochondria
  • Neoplasms
  • Platforms
  • Production
  • Professional Development
  • Respiration
  • Students

Fields of Study

  • Biology

Readers

  • Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
  • Molecular and genetic basis of cancer.
  • Systems Analysis and Design

Technology Areas

  • Microelectronics