Targeting Extracellular Histones with Novel RNA Bio-drugs for the Treatment of Acute Lung Injury

Abstract

Extracellular histones are proposed as a causative agent of acute lung injury (ALI). The goal of this proposal is to develop a therapeutic to neutralize (inactivate) circulating histones and prevent the multiple organ dysfunction/acute respiratory distress syndrome (MODS/ARDS) occurring with ALI. To accomplish this goal, we developed synthetic oligonucleotides (RNA aptamers) that bind to extracellular histones known to cause MODS/ARDS but do not bind to other serum proteins. Our in vitro studies showed that selected RNA aptamers protected from histone-mediate cytotoxicity, platelet aggregation, inflammatory activation, and calcium influx. In a murine model of histone-mediated ALI, aptamers attenuated pulmonary toxicity and improved survival. In a smoke inhalation model of ALI, RNA aptamer protected mice from alveolar barrier disruption, decreased cytokine activation, and neutrophil infiltration. Ongoing studies are evaluating the efficacy of the RNA aptamer in a murine model of H1N1 influenza. Safety data are underway to test if the RNA aptamers activate innate immunity or cause abnormalities of general organ function. A six month no cost extension has been requested to allow for completion of studies.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 01, 2019
Accession Number
AD1108200

Entities

People

  • Francis J. Miller

Organizations

  • Duke University

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Blood
  • Blood Coagulation Factors
  • Blood Proteins
  • Cells
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemistry
  • Health Services
  • Lung Diseases
  • Medical Personnel
  • Proteins
  • Surface Plasmon Resonance
  • Wounds And Injuries

Fields of Study

  • Biology
  • Medicine

Readers

  • Immunology and Pathology
  • Molecular Genetics