Modeling the Air-Sea Feedback System of Madeira Island

Abstract

A realistic nested data-assimilating two-way coupled ocean/atmosphere modeling study (highest resolution 2 km) of Madeira Island was conducted for June 2011, when conditions were favorable for atmospheric vortex shedding. The simulation's island lee region exhibited relatively cloud-free conditions, promoting warmer ocean temperatures (similar to 28 degrees C higher than adjacent waters). The model reasonably reproduced measured fields at 14 meteorological stations, and matched the dimensions and magnitude of the warm sea surface temperature (SST) wake imaged by satellite. The warm SSTs in the wake are shown to imprint onto the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) over several diurnal cycles by modulating the ABL depth up to similar to 200-500 m. The erosion and dissipation of the warm ocean wake overnight was aided by atmospheric drainage flow and offshore advection of cold air (Delta T = 2 degrees C) that produced strong upward heat fluxes (similar to 50 W/m(2) sensible and similar to 250 W/m(2) latent) on an episodic basis. Nevertheless, the warm wake was never entirely eroded at night due to the cumulative effect of the diurnal cycle. The spatial pattern of the diurnal warming varied day-to-day in location and extent. Significant mutual interaction of the oceanic and atmospheric boundary layers was diagnosed via fluxes and temperature cross sections and reinforced by sensitivity runs. The simulation produces for the first time the interactive nature of the ocean and atmosphere boundary layers in the warm wake region of an island with complex terrain.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jul 10, 2017
Accession Number
AD1119984

Entities

People

  • James D. Doyle
  • Julie Pullen
  • Paul May
  • Ricardo Tomé
  • Rui Caldeira

Organizations

  • United States Naval Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Temperature
  • Boundary Layer
  • Climate Change
  • Equations
  • Geography
  • Grids
  • Latent Heat
  • Measurement
  • Meteorology
  • Remote Sensing
  • Ridges
  • Sea Surface Temperature
  • Surface Temperature
  • Synthetic Aperture Radar
  • Terrain
  • Three Dimensional
  • Topography

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Atmospheric Science/Meteorology
  • Coastal Oceanography
  • Polar and Arctic Studies

Technology Areas

  • Space