Characterizing Electromagnetic Pulses from Hypervelocity Impact Plasmas

Abstract

Projectiles that strike targets with enormous speeds will vaporize and ionize the material, producing a rapidly expanding plasma. Experiments measure electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) from sufficiently fast impacts, and the responsible physical mechanism is still not understood. We suspect that EMPs associated with meteoroid impacts are responsible for some spacecraft anomalies and failures. This project develops simulations of the production and expansion of impact plasmas. The simulations quantify the total charge generated by impacts, the plasma temperature, and plasma expansion velocity. All of these quantities agree well with ground-based experiments. We also present an outline of a planned in situ experiment which will fly either on a CubeSat or the International Space Station and will demonstrate EMPs originating from hypervelocity impacts in the theater of operation. The work detailed here is a step towards both understanding the dynamics of impact-produced plasmas as well as quantifying the threat posed to spacecraft.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Feb 19, 2021
Accession Number
AD1123389

Entities

People

  • Alex C. Fletcher

Organizations

  • United States Naval Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Advanced Electronics
  • Sensors
  • Space
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Acoustic Detectors
  • Charged Particles
  • Department Of Defense
  • Detection
  • Electromagnetic Pulses
  • Electromagnetic Radiation
  • Electromagnetic Wave Propagation
  • Failure Mode And Effect Analysis
  • Frequency
  • Gas Guns
  • Ground Based
  • Hypervelocity Impact
  • Light Gas Guns
  • Magnetic Fields
  • Materials
  • Measurement
  • Military Research
  • Radio Frequency
  • Shock Waves
  • Space Debris
  • Space Environments

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Missile Defense Systems.
  • Pulsed Power and Plasma Physics.
  • Theoretical Analysis.

Technology Areas

  • Hypersonics
  • Hypersonics - Hypersonic Flow
  • Space
  • Space - Hall-Effect Thruster