Understanding the Role of Anaerobic Microbes in an In Vitro Skin Model

Abstract

Military personnel that have sustained extremity injuries can develop infectious complications and substantial morbidity. About 80 percent of bacterial infections and infection persistence are associated with microbial biofilms, as they significantly prevent the penetration of antimicrobial drugs and result in the development of resistance towards antibiotics. The microbial bioburden of chronic wounds, specifically the aerobic microbial population, has been extensively investigated, but the anaerobic component (approximately 38 percent of the microbial population) remains poorly studied. Chronic wounds have poor blood flow and are hypoxic in nature; delineating the role of anaerobic bacteria in chronic wound infection is of growing interest but is limited by the challenges posed in both in culturing and characterization. In this study, three commercially available anaerobes (namely Anaerococcus murdochii, Bacteroides vulgatus, and Fusobacterium necrophorum) were investigated for the first time for their ability to form biofilms, influence motility of skin cells, and adhere to the in vitro skin wound model (Human Epidermal Keratinocyte Cells (HEK)). It was observed that all three anaerobes may have different roles to play in a chronic wound infection as (a) they form biofilms of varying adherences, (b) they do not affect the motility of the cells in the given experimental conditions, and (c) all the three anaerobes were able to stimulate the formation of vesicular structures in the nucleus of HEK cells upon 15 min of incubation, suggesting that the anaerobes induce a response in the skin cells upon exposure. Therefore, this study further validates the important role of anaerobes in persistent chronic wound infections.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Mar 25, 2021
Accession Number
AD1125997

Entities

People

  • Dhanya Haridas

Organizations

  • United States Naval Research Laboratory

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Adhesion
  • Anaerobic Bacteria
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Bacteria
  • Bacterial Infections
  • Cardiovascular Physiological Processes
  • Cell Movement
  • Cells
  • Chemistry
  • Culture Techniques
  • Epithelial Cells
  • Fusobacteria
  • Indicator Dyes
  • Infection
  • Materials
  • Medical Personnel
  • Microbiology
  • Microbiomes
  • Microorganisms
  • Wound Infections
  • Wounds And Injuries

Fields of Study

  • Biology
  • Medicine

Readers

  • Microbial Pathology
  • Trauma Surgery or Emergency Medicine.

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology