Two-Sensor Synthetic Aperture Geolocation Techniques

Abstract

Geolocation technology with the ability to locate an unknown beacon signal in three-dimensional space has been engrafted into numerous modern electronic systems. Indeed, the marketplace is anxious for more accurate and more accessible geolocation data. A primary limiting factor of the growth of geolocation systems is the stringent physical resource requirements needed for existing geolocation algorithms. Popular geolocation algorithms measure the time-of-arrival, time-difference-of-arrival, and frequency-difference-of-arrival of an incoming beacon signal from an unknown emitter at a given time. For these techniques, accurate solutions require a minimum of three airborne sensors; if available, a fourth sensor often significantly improves the accuracy. This resource requirement is excessive; we aim to relax it to two airborne sensors by applying a synthetic aperture technique. By fusing together data from multiple subsequent time samples, one can boost the overall resolution of the geolocation estimate. We propose using a series of geolocation measurements collected between two sensors according to a synthetic aperture model. System performance dependence on sensor velocity and aperture size is assessed. Additionally, a brief treatment of noise tolerance and estimation theory is given. Lastly, the overall feasibility of a synthetic aperture-based geolocation algorithm is summarily addressed.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jun 01, 2014
Accession Number
AD1127224

Entities

People

  • Kyle A. Elam

Organizations

  • Naval Postgraduate School

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Sensors
  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Angle Of Arrival
  • California
  • Coordinate Systems
  • Doppler Effect
  • Electron Density
  • Geometry
  • Global Navigation Satellite Systems
  • Global Positioning Systems
  • Infrastructure
  • Kalman Filters
  • Low Altitude
  • Mathematical Filters
  • Military Applications
  • Navigation
  • Navigation Satellites
  • Optimal Estimators
  • Radar
  • Random Variables
  • Refractive Index
  • Synthetic Aperture Radar
  • Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Readers

  • Sensor Fusion and Tracking Systems.
  • Statistical inference.
  • Systems Analysis and Design

Technology Areas

  • Microelectronics
  • Microelectronics - Microelectromechanical Systems
  • Space
  • Space - Space Objects