Isolating Primary Explosive Blast Effects on Neuronal Function and Structure in Traumatic Brain Injury: Changes in Rat Cortical Electrical Potentials and Dendritic Spine Density at Seven Days Post Blast Exposure

Abstract

Explosive blast induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is considered the hallmark injury of the Overseas Contingency Operations in Afghanistan and Iraq. During the years 2000 to August of 2016, there have been 352,619 medically diagnosed cases of TBI in military personnel; with an increased incidence of TBI occurring due to explosive blast. In addition, over 82.3% of the military TBIs were classified as mild TBI. This dissertation describes work identifying the threshold of explosive blast exposure (108-138 kPa) at which cellular injury occurs but is undetectable by current clinical electrophysiology and imaging protocols. The relevance of this work to bTBI is that it will enable development of objective criteria that can be used to support a diagnosis of mild bTBI. Presently, U.S. service members are clinically diagnosed based on exposure to a blast and symptomology.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 27, 2016
Accession Number
AD1127806

Entities

People

  • John Magnuson

Organizations

  • Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Brain
  • Brain Injuries
  • Cells
  • Cellular Structures
  • Chemistry
  • Cytoskeleton
  • Explosions
  • Explosives
  • Health Services
  • Information Processing
  • Medical Personnel
  • Neurodegeneration
  • Neurology
  • Neurons
  • Neurosciences
  • Personnel Management
  • Psychophysiology
  • Synapses
  • Traumatic Stress Disorder
  • Wave Propagation
  • Wounds And Injuries

Readers

  • Auditory Neuroscience/Auditory Physiology.
  • Mental Health of Military Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Risk Factors, Prevalence, Symptoms, and Treatment.
  • Neurotrauma and Rehabilitation Medicine.