Comparison of Orthodontic Adhesives for Bonding of Ceramic Brackets to CAD/CAM Provisional Crowns
Abstract
Introduction: This study was designed to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of four commonly-used orthodontic adhesive systems used for bonding ceramic brackets to Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Milling (CAD/CAM) Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA) provisional crowns. Methods: The surfaces of PMMA blocks (Ivoclar Vivadent Inc.) were prepared prior to bonding 80 ceramic brackets (3M Unitek Clarity Advanced MBT with 0.022-inch slot) using four adhesive bonding systems: Ivoclar (Group 1), 3M Unitek (Group 2), Ormco (Group 3), and Dentsply GAC (Group 4). To measure SBS, an Instron unit (Model No. 5943) was utilized. All debonded brackets were examined for the type of bond failure using the Adhesive Remnant Index. Results: The mean SBS for Group 1 was 7.90 plus or minus 1.95 MPa, Group 2 was 7.12 plus or minus 1.80 MPa, Group 3 was 7.74 plus or minus 1.76 MPa, and Group 4 was 7.27 plus or minus 1.90 MPa. No statistically significant differences in SBS were found among the groups (p = 0.912). Although not significantly different, Group 1 had the highest SBS and the most fractured brackets at debond. There were statistically significant differences in the failure modes between Group 1 compared to Groups 2, 3, and 4; with no statistically significant difference between Groups 2, 3 and 4. The primary mode of bond failure for Groups 2, 3, and 4 was adhesive in nature, whereas it was cohesive in nature for Group 1. Conclusions: The groups provided clinically acceptable SBS which is not high enough to cause damage to the surface of the PMMA substrate that would be evident clinically.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jun 30, 2019
- Accession Number
- AD1128055
Entities
People
- Kraig S. Vandewalle
- Phuong M. Nguyen
- Robert D. Stoner
- Ryan L. Snyder