How Fast Can the Ground Really Move?

Abstract

This article discusses approaches to determining the largest possible ground motion during an earthquake occurring near Earths surface.The problem is a difficult one because the available empirical data are insufficient to provide reliable indications of the upper tails ofassociated probability distributions. The largest ground-particle velocity ever measured during an earthquake is 3.18 m/sec. Someapproaches yield limits that are roughly consistent with this number, but others suggest some potential to exceed it. We suggest that thehighest particle velocity near the transition to elasticity indicates the maximum ground velocity possible in a shallow earthquake.Considering data observed in granite, that transition takes place at a scaled range from the explosion source where particle velocity isabout 610 m/secsuggesting that the current maximum velocity measurement may not represent an absolute physical limit, but rather alimitation in sampling.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jul 01, 2020
Accession Number
AD1131695

Entities

People

  • Marius S. Vassiliou

Organizations

  • Institute for Defense Analyses

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Abstracts
  • California
  • Crack Propagation
  • Cracks
  • Earth Sciences
  • Earthquakes
  • Elastic Properties
  • Elastic Waves
  • Explosions
  • Explosives
  • Geography
  • Geological Surveys
  • Measurement
  • Mechanics
  • Nuclear Explosions
  • Plastic Deformation
  • Probability
  • Probability Distributions
  • Standards
  • Structural Geology
  • Transitions
  • Underground Explosions
  • United States
  • Waves

Readers

  • Aerosol Science/Aerosol Physics
  • Fluid Dynamics.
  • Seismology