Machine Learning at the Edge Using Spintronic Stochastic Computing

Abstract

Stochastic computing (SC) has seen a renaissance in recent years as a means for machine learning acceleration duet o its compact arithmetic and approximation properties. Still, SC accuracy remains an issue, with prior works either not fully utilizing the computational density or suffering from significant accuracy losses. In this work, we propose a set of optimizations targeting stream generation and execution components of SC, that bridges the accuracy gap between stochastic computing and fixed-point neural networks. Our techniques improve accuracy by coupling controlled stream sharing with training and balancing OR and binary accumulations. They further optimizes the SC execution through progressive shadow buffering, spintronic nonvolatile memory and architectural optimizations. We show that they can improve accuracy compared to state-of-the-art SC by 2.2-4.0% points while being up to 4.4X faster and 6.8X more energy efficient. Our optimizations eliminate the accuracy gap between SC and fixed-point architectures while delivering up to 5.6X higher throughput and 2.9X lower energy.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Mar 29, 2021
Accession Number
AD1136388

Entities

People

  • Albert Lee
  • Di Wu
  • Jiyue Yang
  • Kang L. Wang
  • Puneet Gupta
  • Sudhakar Pamarti
  • Tianmu Li
  • Wojciech Romaszkan

Organizations

  • University of California, Los Angeles

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Accuracy
  • Air Force
  • Air Force Research Laboratories
  • Artificial Intelligence Software
  • Circuits
  • Computations
  • Computers
  • Computing System Architectures
  • Convolutional Neural Networks
  • Deep Learning
  • Efficiency
  • Energy Efficiency
  • Machine Learning
  • Models
  • Networks
  • Neural Networks
  • Systems Science

Fields of Study

  • Computer science

Readers

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  • Agent-Based Social Robotics and Mobile-Assisted Learning in Virtual Environments.
  • Operations Research

Technology Areas

  • AI & ML
  • AI & ML - Bayesian Inference
  • AI & ML - Machine Learning Algorithms
  • AI & ML - Neural Networks
  • Microelectronics
  • Microelectronics - Graphene