Print Time vs. Elapsed Time: A Temporal Analysis of a Continuous Printing Operation for Additive Constructed Concrete

Abstract

In additive construction, ambitious goals to fabricate a concrete building in less than 24 hours are attempted. In the field, this goal relies on a metric of print time to make this conclusion, which excludes rest time and delays. The task to complete a building in 24 hours was put to the test with the first attempt at a fully continuous print of a structurally reinforced additively constructed concrete (ACC) building. A time series analysis was performed during the construction of a 512 ft2 (16x32x9.25) building to explore the effect of delays on the completion time. This analysis included a study of the variation in comprehensive layer print times, expected trends and forecasting for what is expected in future prints of similar types. Furthermore, the study included a determination and comparison of print time, elapsed time, and construction time, as well as a look at the effect of environmental conditions on the delay events. Upon finishing, the analysis concluded that the 3D-printed building was completed in 14-hours of print time, 31.2-hours elapsed time, a total of 5 days of construction time. This emphasizes that reports on newly 3D-printed constructions need to provide a definition of time that includes all possible duration periods to communicate realistic capabilities of this new technology.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Aug 01, 2021
Accession Number
AD1144690

Entities

People

  • Brandy Diggs-mcgee
  • Eric Kreiger
  • Megan Kreiger
  • Michael Case

Organizations

  • Engineer Research and Development Center

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Autonomy
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Additive Construction
  • Additive Manufacturing
  • Additives (Chemicals)
  • Army Corps Of Engineers
  • Concrete
  • Construction
  • Dew Point
  • Engineering
  • Engineers
  • Environment
  • Fabrication
  • Manufacturing
  • Manufacturing Engineering
  • Materials
  • Materials Science
  • Printing
  • Scheduling (Production)
  • Time Series Analysis

Readers

  • Manufacturing Engineering.
  • Pavement Materials Engineering.
  • Systems Analysis and Design